Ventilator



J. SYLVAN.

VENTILATOR.

APPLICATION man NOV-4, 1920.

1,432,135, Patented Oct. 17, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET J. SYLVAN. VENTILATOR,

APPLICATION FILED NOV.4, 1920.

Patented Oct. 17, 192.2.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. SYLVAN.

VENTILATOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. {4, I920.

1,432,135. Patented Oct. 17,1922.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

Patented Oct. 17, 1922.

UNITED STATES JOSEPH SYLVAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

VENTILATOR.

Application filed November 4, 1920. Serial No. 421,625.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, JosEPH SLYVAN, a citizenof the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cookand State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Ventilators; and I dohereby declare thatthe following is a full,clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in ventilators for roofs,skylights and the like, and consists in the matters hereinafterdescribed and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

The object of the invention is to improve the construction and operationof that type of ventilator illustrated and described in my copendingapplication for patent, filed April 29, 1920, and bearing Serial Number377,47 1.

The many advantages of the invention will more fully appear as I proceedwith my specification.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section through askylight, to which my improved Ventilator has been applied.

Figure 2 is a View on an enlarged scale of the parts at the top ofFigure 1, with several of said parts in a changed position.

Figure 3' is a view similar to Figure 2 with several of the parts inanother changed position.

Figure 4 is a View of parts shown in the left hand side of Figure 3,with said parts in a still further changed position. I

Figure 5 is a horizontal detail section taken on the line 5-5 of Figure2.

Figure 6' is a vertical detail section, taken on the line 6-6 of Figure2.

Figure 7 is a detail View in elevation of a post or upright, embodied inmy invention.

Figure 8 is a horizontal detail section taken on the line 88 of Figure2.

Figure 9 is a detail view in elevation of a hinge block which will bemore specifically referred to later.

Referring'now in detail to that embodiment of the invention illustratedin the accompanying drawings :15 indicates the gabled skylight of abuilding to which my improved ventilator construction has been applied.Said skylight which may be'of any desired length, includeslongitudinally spaced, transversely extending horizontal beams 16, whichrest at their ends on the skylight curbs 17, standards 18 arising fromsald beams along the median line of the skylight, and rafters 19 whichare fixed to said standards at about their middle and to the ends'of thebeams. Said rafters are inclined downwardly and outwardly from eachother from said standards to provide the pitch for the skylight.Preferably all of said parts are made of angle bars. Connecting therafters 19 are longitudinally extending angle bars 20, which are spacedequidistant on each side of the standards 18, and secured to said anglebars are the inner ends of smaller inverted T bars 21 arranged parallelwith the rafters 19, to provide the necessary support for the skylightpanels 22. Said panels are made of any suitable material, permitting theentrance of light. The angle bars 20 and the panels 22, together withupright triangular plates 23 at the ends of the skylight, define arectangular opening 24, at the ridge or peak of said skylight. The outerends of the inverted T bars 21, are connected together by longitudinalangle bars 25, arranged near the outer top corners of the curbs 17, andgutter strips 26 connect said bars with the curbs and act to catch suchvapor as condenses on the under side of the panels and discharge it atthe ends of the skylight.

Each standard 18 is built up of the transversely spaced, oppositelyfacing angle bars 27--27 which are riveted or otherwise secured at theirbottom ends to the beams 16. The top ends of the transverse flanges ofsaid angle bars are beveled off as shown in Figure 7 and secured to theother opposed flanges at the top end of said bars, and extending beyondthe top thereof are inverted U-shaped straps 28, each having a fillerblock 29, between its legs, the said flanges, straps and blocks beingriveted together. The top ends of said straps and filler blocks areformed to provide a support for a longitudinal shaft 30 which extendsthe full length of the skylight. Between said angle bars 27, andcoacting with the bottom ends of the straps 28 and filler blocks 29, areshorter filler blocks 31 which provide a bearing for a secondlongitudinal shaft 32, which also extends the full length of theskylight. Said shorter filler blocks extend a suitable distanceoutwardly beyond the face of the transverse flanges of the angle bars 27to act as stops, as will appear later. To the outer faces of thetransverse flanges of said angle bars 27,. near their bottom ends, aresecured plates 38, each of which has a hole 3.4 to provide a bearing fora third longitudinal shaft 35, which also extends the full. length ofthe. skylight. Secured to the inner opposed flanges of the angle bars27, and extending between the filler blocks 31 and plates 33, are guidestrips 36, the upright exposed margins of which terminate short of theouter ends of the filler blocks 31 as shown in Figure 6 so that saidblocks overhang said guide strips. The bottom ends of said strips arespread apart as shown at 37 in Figure 7.

Reference numerals 38-39 indicate simi-. lar, longitudinal sections orframes which are pivotally connected to the shaft 30 so as to swing in avertical plane. Said sections are of a length equal to thedistance'between the end plates 23 0f. the skylight, and are of acombined width so as to overhang the angle bars 20 and the inner topendswater tight connection between said bars and.

panels.

The flanges of the anglebars 40, arranged parallel with the panel, havesecured to them, hinge straps 44 which embrace and have pivotal bearingon the shaft 80. Preferably these straps are arranged, one on each sideof a standard 18, pins 45 (see Figure 6) passing through the shaft atthe ends of said straps, locking said straps against endwise movement onsaid. shaft Eachstrap includes a filler block 46 to add strength andrigidity thereto as shown in Figure 9. When the sections 38 and. 39 arein their normal. closed position, the angle bars 40 rest upon thebeveled top end of the angle "bars 27 forming the uprights 18.

Means are provided to close the gap between the spaced, adjacent marginsof the sections against the entrance of rain, snow or dust, no matterwhat the relative inclination may be between said sections and suchmeans are as follows :--4748 indicate thin sheet metal sealing strips,the outer margins of which are bent to provide longitudinal loops 49that overhang the inner margins of the panels 43. The middle portions ofsaid strips extend over and beyond the top edge of the substantiallyupright flanges of the angle bars 40, and the inner margins 50, of saidstrips, are transversely curved so that one overlaps the other toprovide for the maximum amount of swinging movement of the sections38-39." A flexible weather-proof ridge strip 51, which encloses orcovers the strips 4748, is secured at its margins, between the innermargins of the panels and the parallel flanges of the angle bars 40. Theridge strip 51 fits snugly over the sealing strips when both sections3889 are in their closed positions as shown in Figure 1, butwill flex orbuckle to provide for the movement between said sections. This ridgestrip may be of any flexible waterproof material such a sheet lead oreven prepared roofing, and to prevent the cutting of the same by theedges of the panels, I provide a protecting strip 52 which binds theedges of the panels so that direct contact with said ridge strip isavoided. I n a Toy the inner surfaces of the angle bars 41, at the outerends of the sections 38-39, is secured a sheet metal gutter strip 53,which is so formed as to catch the water of condensation from the panels43, and discharge the same at the ends thereof. Said gutter strips-eachinclude an inverted channel 54 which engages about the top edges of theangle bars 20 of the skylight and prevents the entrance ofrain, snow, ordust into the opening 24 when the. saidsect-ions are in their closedpositions.

Means are provided for swinging the sections into open position, eithersimultane ously or independently of one another so that the wind mayblow over the opening 24 in one case, or over the outer margin 0f eithersection 38 39, in the other case, to establish a suction. up throughsaid opening and properly ventilate the entire room of the buildingbeneath the skylight. Such means are as follows: 5.5--55 indicate linksof a suitable length arranged in pairs, there being one pair of suchlinks. for eachv upright 18, used in the skylight. The outer ends ofeach pair of links are pivotally connectedto brackets 56 fixed to the Tbars 42 near their outer ends, the inner end of the links beingpivotally connected together as at 57. Thepivots 57 each include aroller 58 and an eye 58 The .rollers are adaptedin one instanceto have aguided movement between the guide strips 36 of the uprights 18, and theeyes 58 (see Figure 6) have se-' cured to them the like ends of chains59.

The other ends of said chains are wound about and are fixed to the shaft32 before mentioned. A pulley 60 is also secured to said shaft betweenits ends, and associated with and trained over said pulley is anactuating chain 61 which hangs down in a loop within convenient reach ofthe person desiring to operate the same. When both sections are in theclosed position shown in Figure 1, and neither section is locked in thisposition as will hereinafter be described, the roller 58 will occupy aposition below but in line with the guide space between the plates 36. Apull on the chain 61 will rotate the shaft 32, and wind up all thechains 59 thereon, the rollers 58 entering the guide passageway betweenthe plates 36 until the inner ends of the links engage the projectingends of the blocks 31, and stops there. As the inner ends of the linksare thus raised, they will impartran upward swinging movement to bothsections simultaneously, into'a position inclined slightly downwardlyfrom thehorizontal plane of the axis of the shaft 30. With the sectionsin this positionas shown in Figure 2, or in any position intermediatethe full closed and full opened position, the parts are so proportionedthat their weight will not cause them to fall into a closed position.Thusthe atmospheric airma-y pass beneath the sections and over: the topof the opening in the sl'rylight toprovide the necessary ventilation. Ii i Should it be desired to open only one section and not the other, Iprovide a'means which may be actuated to lock either section, so thatthe unlocked section may be opened by the chain 61.

Fixed at desirable points on the shaft 35, preferably near each standard18, is a looking bar 62, the top end of'which is bent to, providetheoppositely disposed hooks 6363 which carry an inverted V-shaped cappiece 64. Said bars are fixed at their bottom ends to the shaft 35, andare of such length that the hooks 63 and cap piece 64E, normallyoverhang the top edges of one or the other of the angle bars 20, themargin of one hook substantially entering the gutter provided by thestrip 53 on the angle bars 41 at the outer end of each section. Fixed toabout the middle of the shaft 35 is-a loop 65 which extends in adirection opposite thebar 62,-

and from said loop-depends a chain 66 (see Figure 1) which may be pulledto rock the shaft and thus swing the locking bar from one side to theother to lock the'desired section.

' In Figure l the locking bar is shown as engaging the section 89. If itisdesired to open this particular section, the chain 66 a; actuated toswing the locking bars'into the position shown in dotted lines in saidFigure 1. A pull on theleft hand side lap of the chain 61 will rotatethe shaft 32 in a counter clockwise direction, and will wind upthechains 59 thereon. This will tend to pull the inner ends of the linksupwardly, but as the section 38 is locked, the roller can not enter theguide passageway between the plates 36, as the inner ends of the linkswill swing about the pivotal connections with the section 38 and thusaway from said passageway. As the chains 59 are further wound about theshaft, the links will tend to straighten out, with the result thatsection 39 is swung into its full open position wherein it will extendin a plane-inclined upwardly from the horizontal axis of the shaft 30.Thus, with the wind blowing upon the closed section, a part of the samewill be deflected by the top surface of the open section, and as itpasses over the outer margins of the open section, it will produce apartial vacuum beneath said margin, and thus establish a suction upthrough the opening 24 in the skylight. To close said section, a pull isimparted to the right hand lap of the chain.

Should it be desired to open the section 38, the locking bars 62 aremoved into looking engagement with the section 39, when a pull on theleft hand lap of the chain will openthe section 38 in the manner abovedescribed.

WVhen both sections are in their open position, and it is desired toagain close the same, it-is immaterial on which side the locking bar ispositioned, because in the closing movement of the sections, the gutterstrip 53 will engage the cap piece 64 of said locking bar, and by reasonof the inclination thereof, will push the same inwardly as shown inFigure 4, until said strip passes said can piece. To properly adjust thenormal locking positions of the locking bar with reference to the gutterstrips on the outer margins of the sections, I provide stop pins 67 insaid bars near their hooked ends, which stop pins engage against theangle bars 20. Preferably these stop pins are threaded through said barsand have associated nuts for locking them in their adjusted position.

It is apparent that my improved ventilator: construction possesses manyadvantages. @ne or the other section may be opened to provide thedesired suction above the sky light opening, according to which way thewind is blowing. A one piece ridge strip of flexible material is used sothat it is impossible for rain or snow to enter through the spacebetween the inner ends of the said sections.

Furthermore, should both sections be in their closed: position, and anexcessive air pressure be'built up for any reason, in the room beneaththe skylight, said pressure will lift the unlocked section and thus passtions normally closing said opening, a shaft spaced above said opening,means pivotally connecting the adjacent inner margins of said sectionsto said shaft, so that said sections are capable of a swinging movementabout said shaft away from: and toward said opening, means for normallylocking either section in its closed position, and operating meanscommon toboth sections for swinging the unlocked section into 1ts openpositron.v

2. A ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combination withmeans providing a ventilation opening, a pair of op positely' arranged,angularly disposed sectionsnormally closing said opening, a shaft spacedabove said opening, means pivotal-1y connecting the adjacent innermargins of said sections to said shaft, so that said sections arecapableof a swinging movement about said shaft away from and toward saidopening, means for normally locking either section in its closedposition, said means beingcapable of being actuated so: as to releaseboth sections, and operating means common to both sections for swinging.

them into their openposition when said locking means is in a position"permitting such movement.

A ventilatorof the kind described, comprising incombinat'ion wit-h means,provid ing: a ventilation opening, a shaft spaced above and extendinglongitudinally of said opening, sections pivoted at their adjacentmargins to said shaft, to'swing in a vertical plane toopen and closesaid opening, a swinging bar pivoted in a plane below said shaft forengaging and locking. either section in a position closing said opening,and actuating means common to both sections to swing them into' open andclosed positions, said means when one section is-in its lockedclosedposition, acting to open the other section.

I 4. A ventilator ofthe kind described, comprising in combination withmeans providing an elongated ventilation opening, a shaft spaced aboveand extending longitudinally of said opening, sections pivoted attheiradjacent margins to said shaft, to swing in a vertical plane to open andclose said opening, a rock shaft parallel with but below the firstmentioned shaft, a locking bar on saidflslrafasaid bar including hooksadapted to engage the outer margins of either section, and means actingto open both sections simultaneously when said hooks are disengagedtherefrom 5;- A ventilator of: thekin'd describedcom: prising: incombination with means providing. aventilation opening, standards risingin the median line of saiid opening, a shaft journalled in the top endsof said standards, sections pivoted onsaid shaft and capable of aswinging movement to open and close said opening, links pivoted at theirouter ends to said sections and at their inner ends, to each other,actuating: means connected to the inner ends of said links, and means onsaid standards for guidinggthe-inner ends of said links when saidactuating means are operated.

6. A ventilator of the kindldescribed, comprising in combination withmeans providing. a ventilation opening, standards arising in the. medianline of said opening, a shaft j ourn-alled -in the topendsof saidstandards, sections pivoted on said shaft and capable ot a swingingmovement to open and close said opening, links pivoted at theirouterends to saidsections and at their inner ends to each other, actuatingchains connected to the-inner ends of said links,-meanson-said standardsfor guiding the inner ends of said links when-said actuating chains areoperated, and means on said standards limiting the upward movement ofthe inner ends of said links with respect to said guiding means;

7. A ventilator of the kind described,- comprising in combination withmeansproviding an elongated ventilation opening, standards arising inthe median line of said opening,- a shaft journalled in the top ends ofsaid standards,- sections pivoted on said shaft, and capable-of aswinging, movement to-open and close said opening, links pivoted attheir outer ends to said sections and at their inner ends to each other,a roller associa-ted with: the inner ends of said links, operatingchains also secured to said inner ends of said links, guide strips onsaid standard 116 to receive therollenand a stop on said standard atthe-topends of said guide strips.

8. A ventilator of the kinddescribed comprising in combination withmeans provid-i'n' ZJ'a ventilation opening, a horizontally 120 exten'fingv shaft, ventilator sections one on each' sid'e of said shaft andincluding inner and outer marginal angle bars, straps secured to saidinner angle bars and having loops passing about the shaft, and means foractuating said sections to swing them about said shaft, one at a time orboth together, said parts being so constructed thatwhen bothsections-are swung together they will stand in a position inclineddownwardly from the horizontal plane of the axis of said presence of twoWitnesses, this 29th day of shaft, buglwhen only one section is swung;October, A. D. 1920. into a fu open position, sai section wil stand in aposition inclined upwardly from JOSEPH SYLVAN 5 the horizontal plane ofthe axis of said shaft. Witnesses:

In testimony that I claim the foregoing T. H. ALFUDS, as my invention, Iafiix my signature in the CHRISTINA DEAN.

